8th Annual Conference on Parasitology & Infectious Diseases December 13-13, 2021 Singapore City, Singapore

Parasitology is the study of parasitism. Similarly it arise in all animal species and they have an intense effect on the health of people. It involves in topics like morphology biology, life-cycles, biochemistry, pathogenesis, epidemiology, ecology, physiology, genetics and molecular biology as well as the diagnosis, immunology and treatment of infections.

Three major groups of parasites are:

• Protozoa
• Helminths
• Arthropods

A parasitic infectious disease is a disease which is caused by a parasite. It   can affect practically all living organisms, including mammals and plants.  Anatomic pathologist plays a key role in diagnosis and exclusion of infectious diseases.

Following are the causes for parasitic infectious diseases:

• Malaria
• Babesiosis
• Toxoplasmosis

Molecular biology plays a key role in formations of various parts of cells and regulations, which is used to efficiently target diagnose disease, new drugs and the physiology of the cell. The obtainability of the parasites to different genetic manipulations has converted them in cell systems and molecular biology studies which directs to the understanding of basic biological processes, evolution and pathogenesis.

Some of the symptoms for parasitology are:

• swollen glands
• skin rash
• body aches and pains

Parasitic Infection can be spread through contaminated water, waste, soil, food, and blood. It can be affected by having compromised immune system or suffering with another illness. These parasitic infections can be spread through many ways. For example, number of ways like blood test, fecal exam, endoscopy or colonoscopy, X-rays and through MRI test.

Symptoms of Parasitic Infection are:

• anaemia.
• aches and pains
• skin rashes
• weakness

Neglected Parasitic infections (NPIs) are group of parasitic infections which are common in low income populations and inaccessibility of primary health care services. Diagnosis of these parasitic infections requires reagents, well established labs and advance diagnostic methods. There are salient achievements related to diminish in number of new cases of certain disease including  Lymphatic filariosis (LF), Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT), Oncocersiasis by implementation of proper control strategies including preventive chemotherapy, veterinary public health services and provision of safe water, sanitation and hygiene.

Common symptoms of NPIS are:

• abdominal pain
• fatigue
• nausea, or vomiting

An airborne disease is caused by pathogens and transferred through the air. These diseases are spread when droplets of pathogens are expelled into the air due to sneezing, coughing or talking. Many of the infections can spread by airborne transmission are influenza, tuberculosis, small pox. Vectors are organisms that transfer parasites and pathogens from one infected person to another, causing serious diseases in human populations. These diseases are regularly found in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Vector-borne diseases are chikungunya, dengue, malaria etc. Contact infectious diseases are of two types: direct and indirect. Direct contact transmission arises when there is physical contact between susceptible person and an infected person. Indirect contact transmission arises when there is no direct human-to-human contact.

General signs of infectious diseases include:

• Fever
• Diarrhoea
• Fatigue
• Muscle aches